Marine Biologists Made Unexpected Discovery Off Coast of Sri Lanka

Photo Credit: SAUL LOEB 
/ AFP / Getty Images
Photo Credit: SAUL LOEB / AFP / Getty Images

The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) claims that under 10 percent of the world’s oceans have been mapped using modern sonar technology. This means there’s a lot we don’t know about the species and ecosystems that thrive beneath the water’s surface.

While conducting work off the coast of Sri Lanka, marine biologist Asha de Vos came across a creature she never thought she’d ever see with her own eyes. The reason? Its existence was only confirmed in 2003, and very little is known about the species. Keep reading to learn more!

Sri Lankan Civil War

Tamil guerrilla sniper holding a rifle
Tamil guerrilla sniper during the Sri Lankan Civil War, 1987. (Photo Credit: KENNETH J. SOMANADER / AFP / Getty Images)

The Sri Lankan Civil War occurred between the government and the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Elam, who wanted to create an independent state in the northeastern portion of the country. Fighting took place between 1983 and 2009, and for nearly 30 years it was too dangerous for scientists and marine biologists to adequately study the waters surrounding the island.

Following the conflict, the Sri Lankan government came under fire for violating human rights and committing a number of war crimes, including the bombing of civilian targets and the massacre of Tamil guerrillas.

Who is Asha de Vos?

Asha de Vos speaking on stage
Asha de Vos at TEDx Monterey 2013. (Photo Credit: Asha de Vos / TEDx Montgomery / Wikimedia Commons CC BY-SA 3.0)

Asha de Vos is a marine biologist from Sri Lanka who’s best known for leading the Blue Whale Project, which aims to research the species’ population in and around the Indian Ocean.

Among de Vos’ most notable achievements was the declaring of the blue whale as a threatened species around Sri Lanka. She’s also the founder and director of Oceanswell, a non-profit marine conservation research and education organization that focuses on public outreach and the disproving of “parachute science.”

The waters around Sri Lanka were particularly dangerous

Debris-strewn coast of Colombo, Sri Lanka
Colombo, Sri Lanka. (Photo Credit: SENA VIDANAGAMA / AFP / Getty Images)

On top of the dangers that come with war, marine biologists and researchers also had to contend with sea mines that had been placed along the coast by the Sri Lankan government to prevent terrorist attacks. This was on top of the land mines laid by both sides during the decades the civil war was ongoing.

The dangers associated with accidentally setting one off didn’t scare Asha de Vos.

Shipping lanes and their impact on marine life

Container ship leaving port
Container ship leaving port in Colombo, Sri Lanka. (Photo Credit: LAKRUWAN WANNIARACHCHI / AFP / Getty Images)

The shipping lanes off the coast of Sri Lanka are among the busiest in the world. The amount of container ships and other vessels that pass through each day negatively impact the local marine ecosystem in numerous ways.

Along with disturbing sediment and creating noise pollution, these lanes also result in the spread of hazardous materials (think oil spills) and the spread of invasive species, therefore threatening the biodiversity of integral marine environments.

On top of this, the vessels can also collide with larger sea life, such as whales and dolphins, resulting in increased deaths within already vulnerable species.

A bus-sized creature began circling the boat

Two gray whales swimming under a boat
Gray whales off the coast of Mexico. (Photo Credit: GUILLERMO ARIAS / AFP / Getty Images)

While a few miles off shore, Asha de Vos and her team began to notice a creature circling them in the water – and a rather sizeable one, at that. According to reports, it was as large as a bus. This led everyone onboard the ship to assume they’d come across a blue whale, the very creature they’d set out to study.

However, what they’d come across was a much rarer species.

Identifying the type of whale

Omura's whale swimming in the ocean
Omura’s whale. (Photo Credit: Salvatore Cerchio et al. / Royal Society Open Science – Royal Society Open Science / Wikimedia Commons CC BY 4.0)

While the team was aware the creature swimming beneath them was a whale, they weren’t sure of the exact species.

To identify the type, Asha de Vos and her team looked at the creature’s unique physical features. However, they couldn’t find any similarities to the information they already had on file and had to enlist the help of two experts, Robert Brownell and Salvatore Cerchio.

Cerchio and Bronwell looked at the photos the team had taken and determined the creature was among the rarest whales in the world: Omura’s whale.

The species wasn’t discovered until 2003

Omura's whale breaching the ocean's surface
Omura’s whale breaching the ocean’s surface. (Photo Credit: Charles J. Sharp / Wikimedia Commons CC BY-SA 4.0)

While the evolutionary lineage of Omura’s whales dates back between 10 and 17 million years, the species’ existence wasn’t confirmed until 2003. Three Japanese scientists analyzed the mDNA of nine individual whales – eight had been caught by research vessels in the late 1970s, while the other had been collected in 1998.

According to the trio, the closest relative of this previously-unknown species is the blue whale. However, it more closely resembles the fin whale. It’s also rather small, at just 30 feet long.

Omura’s whales are incredibly rare

Omura's whale skull on display
Skull of an Omura’s whale. (Photo Credit: SSR2000 / Wikimedia Commons CC BY-SA 3.0)

Despite being found in the Indo-Pacific and Atlantic, it’s incredibly rare to spot an Omura’s whale in the wild. In fact, so few have been encountered on the high seas that scientists haven’t been able to determine any sort of population size.

The first confirmed live sightings occurred in 2017, off the coasts of Sri Lanka and Taiwan. While other sightings had previously been reported, there was never enough evidence to confirm that the whales spotted were of this elusive species.

What does Asha de Vos’ discovery mean?

Omura's whale swimming underwater
Omura’s whale. (Photo Credit: Salvatore Cerchio et al. / Royal Society Open Science / Wikimedia Commons CC BY 4.0)

More from us: Underwater Photos That’ll Never Make You Want to Swim In the Ocean Again

Scientifically, Asha de Vos’ discovery of the Omura’s whale off the Sri Lankan coast shows the creatures’ habitat is much more far-reaching than previously thought. On a personal level, it’s among her most proudest achievements, as she never expected to ever catch a glimpse of such a rare marine species.

cfitzgerald

Clare Fitzgerald is a Writer and Editor with eight years of experience in the online content sphere. Graduating with a Bachelor of Arts from King’s University College at Western University, her portfolio includes coverage of digital media, current affairs, history and true crime.

Among her accomplishments are being the Founder of the true crime blog, Stories of the Unsolved, which garners between 400,000 and 500,000 views annually, and a contributor for John Lordan’s Seriously Mysterious podcast. Prior to its hiatus, she also served as the Head of Content for UK YouTube publication, TenEighty Magazine.

In her spare time, Clare likes to play Pokemon GO and re-watch Heartland over and over (and over) again. She’ll also rave about her three Maltese dogs whenever she gets the chance.

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